- Interstitial cystitis (painful bladder syndrome), due to pain associated with bladder filling as well as urinary urgency and frequency. Urethritis due to typical symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) such as frequency and dysuria. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) due to abdominal or suprapubic pain.
On physical examination of a patient with a urinary tract infection, you may notice fevers, pelvic pain or tenderness on palpation, costovertebral angle tenderness (CVA) if pyelonephritis is considered, pain on urination, burning on urination, back pain or hematuria. Patients may also present with shaking and chills, nausea, and vomiting (Ferri, 2018).
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